UNIT 10: AMERICA GOES GLOBAL STUDY GUIDE
CHAPTER 29: THE PATH OF EMPIRE
Imperialist Stirrings
Know: Josiah Strong, Alfred Mahan
1. What factors caused America to turn its attention to the world beyond her borders?
Monroe's Doctrine and the Venezuelan Squall
Know: Richard Olney, British Guiana, Great Rapprochement
2. What circumstances almost caused a fight with Great Britain over the Monroe Doctrine? How did it ultimately improve relations with Britain?
Spurning the Hawaiian Pear
Know: Queen Liliuokalani
3. Why did President Cleveland not want to annex Hawaii?
Cubans Rise in Revolt
Know: General Weyler
4. What was happening in Cuba that caused Americans to be concerned?
The Mystery of the Maine Explosion
Know: Yellow journalism, William Randolph Hearst, Joseph Pulitzer, Frederic Remington, USS Maine, Dupuy de Lome
5. Explain the two major events that made war with Spain difficult to avoid.
McKinley Unleashes the Dogs of War
Know: Teller Amendment
6. Did McKinley have good reasons for asking Congress to declare war on Spain? Explain.
Dewey's May Day Victory at Manila
Know: Teddy Roosevelt, George Dewey
7. Why did Commodore Dewey have such an easy victory over the Spanish fleet at the Philippines?
Unexpected Imperialist Plums
Know: Emilio Aguinaldo
8. Explain the impact of the American victory in the Philippines on our relations with Germany, Britain, and Hawaii?
The Confused Invasion of Cuba
Know: Rough Riders, Teddy Roosevelt, San Juan Hill
9. Describe the fighting in Cuba.
Curtains for Spain in America
Know: Admiral Cervera
10. "Cuba itself was harder on the U.S. army than the Spanish were." Explain.
McKinley Heeds Duty, Destiny and Dollars
Know: Puerto Rico
11. Why did William McKinley decide to annex the Philippines?
America's Course (Curse?) of Empire
Know: Anti-Imperialist League
12. What were the arguments for and against the annexation of the Philippines?
Perplexities in Puerto Rico and Cuba
Know: Insular Cases, General Leonard Wood, Walter Reed, Platt Amendment, Guantanamo
13. Describe American treatment of Cuba after the Spanish-American War.
New Horizons in Two Hemispheres
14. What were the outcomes of the Spanish-American War?
Makers of America: The Puerto Ricans
15. How has U.S. citizenship caused Puerto Ricans to be different from other immigrants?
CHAPTER 30: AMERICA ON THE WORLD STAGE
"Little Brown Brothers" in the Philippines
Know: William Howard Taft, Benevolent Assimilation
16. In what way does the Philippines show the good and bad sides of American imperialism?
John Hay Defends China (and U.S. Interests)
Know: John Hay, Open Door
17. What was the purpose of the Open Door Policy?
Hinging the Open Door in China
Know: Boxer Rebellion
18. Was American involvement in China beneficial to China?
Makers of America: The Filipinos
19. Were Filipino immigrants welcomed with open arms in America? Explain.
Kicking "Teddy" Roosevelt Upstairs
Know: Teddy Roosevelt, William Jennings Bryan
20. Why was Roosevelt selected as McKinley’s running mate in 1900?
Imperialism or Bryanism in 1900?
21. What issues were important in the 1900 election?
TR: Brandisher of the Big Stick
Know: Big Stick, Bully Pulpit
22. Give evidence to show that Teddy Roosevelt was an unconventional president?
Columbia Blocks the Canal
Know: Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, Philippe Bunau-Varilla
23. Why was the Panama route chosen for the canal?
Uncle Sam Creates Puppet Panama
24. What role did the United States play in the Panamanian revolution?
Completing the Canal and Appeasing Columbia
Know: George Washington Goethals, William C. Gorgas
25. What problems did the U.S. face in building the canal?
TR's Perversion of Monroe's Doctrine
Know: Roosevelt Corollary, Dominican Republic, Bad Neighbor
26. Explain the similarities and differences between the Monroe Doctrine and the Roosevelt Corollary?
Roosevelt on the World Stage
Know: Russo-Japanese War, Portsmouth
27. How did Teddy Roosevelt win the Nobel Peace Prize?
Japanese Laborers in California
Know: Gentlemen’s Agreement, Great White Fleet
28. How did a school board in California act in a way that first hurt and then helped American-Japanese relations?
Varying Viewpoints: Why did America Become a World Power?
29. What caused America's foray into imperialism? Defend your opinion.
CHAPTER 31: PROGRESSIVISM AND THE REPUBLICAN ROOSEVELT
Progressive Roots
Know: Progressives, Laissez-faire, Henry Demarest Lloyd, Jacob Riis, Theodore Dreiser, Jane Addams, Lillian Weld
30. What were the goals of the Progressives?
Raking Muck with the Muckrakers
Know: McClure's, Lincoln Steffens, Ida M. Tarbell, Thomas W. Lawson, David G. Phillips, Ray Stannard Baker, John Spargo
31. What issues were addressed by the major muckrakers?
Political Progressivism
Know: Direct Primary Elections, Initiative, Referendum, Recall, Australian Ballot, Millionaires' Club, Seventeenth Amendment, Suffragists
32. Define each of the major political reforms that progressives desired.
Progressivism in the Cities and States
Know: Robert M. La Follette, The Wisconsin Idea, Hiram W. Johnson, Charles Evans Hughes
33. What changes did progressives make at the city and state level?
Battling Social Ills
Know: Triangle Shirtwaist Company, Muller v. Oregon, Lochner v. New York, Woman's Christian Temperance Union, Frances E. Willard, "Wet" and "Dry"
34. How successful were Progressives in combatting social ills?
TR's Square Deal for Labor
Know: Square Deal, Department of Commerce and Labor
35. What were the three C's of the Square Deal?
TR Corrals the Corporations
Know: Elkins Act, Hepburn Act, Trustbusting, Northern Securities Company
36. Assess the following statement, "Teddy Roosevelt's reputation as a trustbuster is undeserved."
Caring for the Consumer
Know: The Jungle, Meat Inspection Act
37. What was the effect of Upton Sinclair's book, The Jungle?
Earth Control
Know: Forest Reserve Act, Gifford Pinchot, Newlands Act, Conservation, Call of the Wild, Boy Scouts, Sierra Club
38. What factors led Americans to take an active interest in conservation?
The "Roosevelt Panic" of 1907
39. What were the results of the Roosevelt Panic of 1907?
The Rough Rider Thunders Out
Know: William Howard Taft, Eugene V. Debs
40. What was the legacy of Teddy Roosevelt's presidency?
Taft: A Round Peg in a Square Hole
41. "William Howard Taft was less suited for the presidency than he appeared to be." Explain
The Dollar Goes Abroad as a Diplomat
Know: Dollar Diplomacy
42. What was dollar diplomacy and how was it practiced?
Taft the Trustbuster
Know: Rule of Reason
43. Who deserves the nickname "Trustbuster," Roosevelt or Taft?
Taft Splits the Republican Party
Know: Payne-Aldrich Tariff, Richard Ballinger, Gifford Pinchot, Joe Cannon
44. Why did the Progressive wing of the Republican party turn against Taft?
The Taft-Roosevelt Rupture
45. How did the Republican party split at the party's 1912 convention?
CHAPTER 32: WILSONIAN PROGRESSIVISM AT HOME AND ABROAD
The Emergence of Dr. Thomas Woodrow Wilson
Know: Woodrow Wilson
46. Describe Wilson's path to the presidency.
The "Bull Moose" Campaign of 1912
Know: Bull Moose, New Nationalism, New Freedom
47. Explain the difference between Roosevelt's form of progressivism and Wilson's.
Woodrow Wilson: A Minority President
48. "The [1912] election results are fascinating." Explain.
Wilson: The Idealist in Politics
49. How did Wilson's personality and past affect the way he conducted himself as president?63.
Wilson Tackles the Tariff
Know: Underwood Tariff
50. What were the three parts of the "triple wall of privilege?"
Wilson Battles the Bankers
Know: The Federal Reserve Act
51. How was the Federal Reserve System different than the banking system that existed in the U.S. in 1913?
The President Tames the Trusts
Know: Federal Trade Commission Act, Clayton Anti-Trust Act
52. How did Wilson curb the trusts?
Wilsonian Progressivism at High Tide
Know: The Federal Farm Loan Act, Warehouse Act, La Follette Seamen's Act, Workingmen's Compensation Act, Adamson Act, Louis D. Brandeis
53. Describe some of the positive and negative outcomes of
Wilson’s progressive legislation and actions.
New Directions in Foreign Policy
Know: Haiti
54. Contrast Wilson's ideas of foreign policy with those of Roosevelt and Taft.
Moralistic Diplomacy in Mexico
Know: Victoriano Huerta, Venustiano Carranza, Francisco ("Pancho")Villa, ABC Powers, John J. ("Black Jack") Pershing
55. Why did Mexico give such trouble to the Wilson administration?
Thunder Across the Sea
Know: Central Powers, Allied Powers
56. What caused Europe to plunge into WWI in 1914?
A Precarious Neutrality
Know: Kaiser Wilhelm II
57. What caused an officially neutral America to turn against the Central Powers?
America Earns Blood Money
Know: Submarine, Lusitania, Arabic, Sussex
58. How did Germany's use of submarines lead to tense relations with the U.S.?
Wilson Wins Reelection in 1916
Know: Charles Evans Hughes, "He Kept Us Out of War"
59. What were the keys to Wilson's electoral victory in 1916?
Varying Viewpoints: Who Were the Progressives?
Know: Richard Hofstadter, New Left Historians
60. Which answer to the question above seems correct to you? Why?
CHAPTER 33: THE WAR TO END WAR
War by Act of Germany
Know: "Peace Without Victory," Unlimited Submarine Warfare, Arthur Zimmermann
61. What events led Woodrow Wilson to ask Congress to declare war?
Wilsonian Idealism Enthroned
Know: Jeannette Rankin
62. Name Wilson’s twin war aims. How did these set America apart from the other combatants?
Fourteen Potent Wilsonian Points
Know: Fourteen Points
63. List several of Wilson’s Fourteen Points.
Creel Manipulates Minds
Know: Committee on Public Information, George Creel, Four-minute Men, The Hun, Over There
64. How were Americans motivated to help in the war effort?
Enforcing Loyalty and Stifling Dissent
Know: Liberty Cabbage, Espionage Act, Sedition Act, Eugene V. Debs, William D. Haywood
65. How was loyalty forced during WWI?
The Nation’s Factories Go to War
Know: Bernard Baruch, War Industries Board
66. Why was it difficult to mobilize industry for the war effort?
The War, Workers, and Women
Know: "Work or Fight," National War Labor Board, Wobblies, Women’s Bureau
67. How did the war affect: a) the labor movement, b) race relations, c) women?
Forging a War Economy
Know: Food Administration, Herbert Hoover, Meatless Tuesdays, Eighteenth Amendment, Heatless Mondays, Liberty Bonds
68. Did government become too intrusive in people’s lives during the war? Give examples to support your answer.
Making Plowboys into Doughboys
69. Was the government’s effort to raise an army fair and effective?
Fighting in France--Belatedly
70. How were American troops used in Russia?
America Helps Hammer the Hun
Know: Marshal Foch, John J. Pershing, Meuse-Argonne Offensive, Alvin York
71. Describe the effect of the American troops on the fighting.
The Fourteen Points Disarm Germany
Know: Armistice
72. What role did America play in bringing Germany to surrender?
Wilson Steps Down from Olympus
Know: Henry Cabot Lodge
73. What political mistakes hurt Wilson in the months following the armistice?
The Idealist Battles the Imperialists in Paris
Know: Vittorio Orlando, David Lloyd George, Georges Clemenceau, League of Nations
74. How did Wilson’s desire for the League of Nations affect his bargaining at the peace conference?
Hammering Out the Treaty
Know: William Borah, Hiram Johnson, Irreconcilables
75. What compromises did Wilson make at the peace conference?
The Peace Treaty That Bred a New War
Know: Treaty of Versailles
76. For what reasons did Wilson compromise his 14 Points?
The Domestic Parade of Prejudice
77. Why was the treaty criticized back in America?
Wilson’s Tour and Collapse (1919)
78. What was the purpose and result of Wilson’s trip around the country when he returned to America?
Wilson Rejects the Lodge Reservations
79. Why did Wilson instruct Democrats to vote against the treaty?
Defeat Through Deadlock
80. Why was the treaty finally rejected?
The "Solemn Referendum" of 1920
Know: Warren Harding, James M. Cox, Normalcy
81. What did the results of the 1920 election indicate?
The Betrayal of Great Expectations
82. How much should the U.S. be blamed for the failure of the Treaty of Versailles?
Varying Viewpoints: Woodrow Wilson: Realist or Idealist?
Know: Realism, Idealism, Wilsonianism
83. To what extent was Wilson realistic when he called for a world of cooperation, equality and justice among nations?